Discovery of drawings of woman and cow in the upper paleolithic cave Shulgan-Tash (Kapova) Bashkortostan and deciphering of their pregnancy calendars

Doklady Bashkirskogo Universiteta. 2024. Volume 9. No. 4. pp. 130-147.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33184/dokbsu-2024.4.16

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The article presents the results of decoding the signs and drawings of the Shulgan-Tash cave in Bashkortostan. In the Dome Hall of the cave, the authors have discovered new drawings of a pregnant woman and a female bison for the first time. For the first time, the complex sign “Lattice” located next to the drawings was deciphered, which is a calendar of a woman’s pregnancy that contains double information: 40 weeks (40 phases of the Moon) and 10 lunar months. The sign “Long trapezoid” has been deciphered, which denotes the internal organs of a woman, which is evidence of the presence of medical knowledge in the field of anatomy in primitive man. Two pregnancy calendars of afemale bison have been deciphered. It is substantiated that one of the classic themes of primitive art “Cow - woman” is realized in the Shulgan-Tash cave, based on the same period of pregnancy of a woman and a female bison. It is established that the schematic drawings of female bison in the Shulgan-Tash cave and in the Ignatievskaya cave are almost identical, which proves the cultural ties of two primitive communities and the existence of a single primitive ecumene of the Urals.